The Tragedy of the Congo-Ocean Railroad av J. P. Daughton

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<p><strong>''Masterful'' <em>The Economist</em></strong></p><p><strong>The Congo-Oc¿ railroad stands as one of the deadliest construction projects in history.</strong> It was completed in 1934, when Equatorial Africa was a French colony, and it stands as one of the deadliest construction projects in history. Colonial workers were subjects of an ostensibly democratic nation whose motto read ¿Liberty, Equality, Fraternity¿, but liberal ideals were savaged by a cruelly indifferent administrative state.</p><p>African workers were conscripted at gunpoint, separated from their families and subjected to hellish conditions as they hacked their way through dense tropical foliage; excavated by hand thousand of tonnes of earth in order to lay down track; blasted their way through rock to construct tunnels; or risked their lives building bridges over otherwise impassable rivers. In the process, they suffered disease, malnutrition and rampant physical abuse, likely resulting in at least 20,000 deat