Providing a gateway to a new history of modern aesthetics, this book challenges conventional views of how art''s significance developed in society. <br/><br/>The 18th century is often said to have involved a radical transformation in the concept of art: from the understanding that art is tool for some practical purpose, to the modern belief that it holds a distinctive and intrinsic value. By exploring the ground between these notions of art''s function, Karl Axelsson reveals how scholars of culture made taste, morals, and a politically stable society an integral part of their claims about the experience of nature and art. <br/><br/>Focusing on the writings advanced by two of the most prolific men of letters in the eighteenth century, Joseph Addison (1672-1719) and the third Earl of Shaftesbury (1671-1713) it contests the conviction that modern aesthetic autonomy was a reorientation in criticism and philosophy originally prompted by these two key figures in the history of aesthetics. <b