<P>The fourth edition of this classic beginner¿s guide to literary studies has been fully updated throughout. Mario Klarer offers a concise and accessible discussion of central issues in English and world literature. Starting with the basics of what constitutes a literary text, the book moves through an analysis of major genres, major periods, and key theoretical approaches to literature. It also looks at the practicalities of finding and referencing literature when writing a research paper.</P><P></P><P>The expanded new edition has been updated to include:</P><P></P><UL><P><LI>a wider range of examples from world literature, cinema, and TV series</LI><P></P><P><LI>additional references to contemporary streaming formats</LI><P></P><P><LI>updated chapters on postcolonial theory, cultural studies, gender theory, feminism, and queer theory</LI><P></P><P><LI>new sections on digital humanities, ecocriticism, literary translations, and paratexts</LI><P></P><P><LI>extended explanations of tra